Shutter for photographic cameras.



un. 693,533. Patentedreb. la, |902.

F. A. BRWNELL. SH01-'TER FUR PHOTUGRAPHIG CAMERAS. 4 (Application led pct. 24, 1900.) (No Model.) 2 Sheath-Sheet I.

d J i W itnesses. Inventor.

` Ato-rney.

1HE NonRls PETERS cu. PrmTo-Lrmu.. wAsHlNcrYON. n. c.

No. 693,583. Patented ren. 1s, |902. r. A. nowNELL. v

SHUT'I'ER FUR PHOTOGBAPHIG CAMERAS.

(Application meqnv. 24. ,1900.3

(No Model.) 2.Sherets-Sheet 2.

. Attorney.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.v

FRANK A. BROWNELL, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, A CORPO- RATION OF NEV YORK.

SHUTTER FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS.

tSEQLiCFLGAllON forming partof Letters Patent No. 693,583, dated February 18, 1902.

Original application ledluly 25. 1900l SerialNo. 24,800. Divided and this application tiled October Z4, 1900. Serial No. 34,111. (No model.)

' of Rochester, in the county of Monroe and y sectional view on the line 9 9 of Fig. 8.

State of New York, have in vented certain new and useful Improvements in Shutters for Photographic Cameras; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, forming a part of this specilication, and to the reference-numeralsmarked thereon.

My present invention has for its object to' provide an improved shutter mechanism or lens-operating device adapted particularly for use upon panoramic cameras in which diierent portions of sensitized surface, such as film, are successively exposed to the action ot' the rays of light passing through the lens.

To these and other ends my invention consists in certain improvements and combination of parts, all as will be hereinafterfully described, and the novel features pointed out in the claims at the end of this specication.

This is a division of my former application, ASerial No. 24,800, filed July 25, 1900.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a horizontal sectional View of a panoramic camera provided with a shutter mechanism constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional View on the line 2 2 of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the shutter and its operating mechanism. Fig. 4 is a top plan view of the same. Fig. 5 is a sectional viewon the line 5 5 of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a sectional view on the line 6 6 of Fig. 5 looking upward. Fig. 7 is a sectional view on the line 7 7 of Fig. 4. Fig. 8 is a plan View of the shutter-setting arm. Fig. 9 isa Fig. lOis a sectional view on the line 10 10 of Fig. 4.

Similar reference-numerals in the various figures indicate similar parts.

In the present embodiment of my invention the camera consists of two separable parts, one containing the shutter and film holding devices and the other acasing serving to cover the ilm and the operating parts. The firstmentioned part embodies the front board 1, provided with the central aperture in which operates the lens and shutter mechanism, as

will be described, and provided upon the rear.

side thereof near its ends and bottom edges with the grooves adapted to receive tongues formed upon the bottom and sideportions of the casing. At the top of the front 1 is the rearwardly-extending top board 4, having upon its rear edge a tongue 5, adaptedto engage a corresponding groove formed in the top ofthe removable casing, which portion of the latter is adapted to overlap an extension (i ofthe lop board 4, which forms a support for one side of the film, as will be described.

7 indicates the rearwardly-extending bottom boardvv forming a support for the opposite sideof the film, and between the top and bottom boards at the ends of the front are provided partitions 8, forming film chambers or pockets, which are open upon one side. removable section or cover is adapted to inclose the rearwardly-projectiug boards 6 and 7 and the lilmrpocketsS, and consists of the They bottom 9, rear side 10, the top 11, and end upon the rear ofthe front board l. The top and bottom boards 6 and 7, extending across the interior of the casing upon opposite ends of the film-chambers 8, are curved upon their rear ed ges, as shown, upon a radius described from the center upon which the oscillating lens is revolved, a slight groove or channel 15 being formed to guide and support the edges of the ilm in its curved path in rear of the lens.

16 indicates the iilm spools, having the Suitable locking devicesmay be pro-j vided for securing the parts in position, em-`` bodying the latches'l, arranged upon the in-f' ner sides of the end portions of the casing and adapted to engage with the plates 14, attached arranged the receiving spool or reel.

flanges 17 upon their' extremities. The film or sensitive paper usually employed in cameras of this description, known as daylight loading, is wound upon the spool, with an opaque covering or backing, and upon the exterior of the latter are provided a series of marks or designating-numerals indicating the number of the exposures and indicating also when a fresh strip of film has been wound into position after each exposure. In order to permit the operator to view these marks, I provide an aperture 18 in the rear side 10 of the removable casing, and over the inner end thereof I arrange a transparent ruby covering 19, of glass or similar material. In the present instance I have shown the full reel or spool containing the unexposed lm located in the pocket upon the right-hand side of the camera, and in the opposite ilmchamber upon the left-hand end of the camera-body is In order to provide a slight tension upon the back of the black paper and insure said papel' and the ilm winding evenly upon the reel or takeup spool, I provide a tension device embodying a plate 20, pivoted at 2l in lugs at the ends of the plate "9 secured in the front board 1.

When it is desired to load the camera, it is only necessary to disconnect the latches or locking devices 13 by means of any suitable operating device accessible from the exterior i of the camera and withdraw rearwardly the casing-section, composed of boards 9 to l2, inclusive, thereby exposing the open-sided filmchambers, when a full spool of cartridge-film may be placed in the chamber to the right. The black paper of the cartridge is then moved around the rear of the film-support and its end is attached tothe winding-spool arranged in the chamber to the left. The parts of the casing are then placed together and secured,as before. The tension-plate 20 is then moved forward so as to rest upon the black paper of the cartridge, as shown in Fig. 1, when the operator may wind forward the film until the indicating-mark upon the rear of the paper is visible through the aperture 18 in the casing. Then operate the exposing device or shutter, as will be presently described. Then wind forward the film and black paper for a new exposure. vWhen all of the exposures have been made, the exposed cartridge may be removed by separating the parts of the casing, as before, and a new one inserted.

In a camera of this description it is desirable that the exposure be formed by the oscillation of the exposin g-tube,preferabl y containing or inclosing a lens, said lens being mounted at the pivotal points of the tube, and as the rear end of the tube is moved across parallel with the curved film-support portions of the film from end to end will be successively exposed to the rays of light passing axially through the lens. In the present embodiment of my invention this shutter or exposing device embodies a collar 25, upon the opposite sides of which is a vertically-extending spindle or arbor 26, the lower end of said arbor being journaled upon an adjustingscrew 27, operating through a plate 23, secured mediately or immediately to the front board 1 of the casing. A lock-nut 29 is provided for holdin-g said screw in adjusted position. The upper end of the spindle or arbor is journaled in a lug or ear 30 of a plate 31, secured mediately or immediately to the front boardl, and is provided with a pinion 32 and beneath this with a laterally-extending arm 33. Secured to the rear end of the collar 25 is a tube 34 or lens-holder flaring vertically toward the rar end and adapted, when the tube is on one side or the other of the center, to extend in close proximity to the inner sides of the partitions 8. Secured to partitions are flaps 35, of leather, cloth, or similar flexible material, for preventing the passage of light through the tube 34 to the lilm when said tube is moved to either side, but said flaps will permit the passage of the tube when making an exposure.

36 indicates a piece of flexible material,

vsuch as leather, secured to its outer edges beneath the front frame or plate 37 and having a central perforation through which extends the tube or collar 25, the portions of said flexible covering around said collar being secured by a collar 38, as shown in Fig. 1, so that while the collar and tube are permitted to oscillate on the arbor this flexible covering 36 will prevent the passage of light to film excepting through the oscillatory tube.

40 indicates the lens, secured within the collar 25 and having its vertical center in line with the vertical arbor or spindle 26. From this it will be seen that as the collar and tube 34 are oscillated across from side to side the film will be exposed, as described.

As a means for oscillating the tube orlens holder 34 and lens in opposite directions alternately I provide a reversible spring-actuated device capable of being set for oscillating the tube in opposite directions and of being released by the operation of a suitable catch, so that successive exposures may be made without capping' the lens for the purpose of resetting the shutter. In the present arrangement this operating device is mounted upon the plate 30, in which is journaled an oscillatory setting arbor or shaft 41, having rigidly secured to it an arm 42, connected to a spring 43, the other end of said spring being connected to a pin 44 on a lever 45, pivoted loosely upon the arbor or shaft 41 and having at its forward end a segmental rack meshing with the pinion 32 on the upper end of thearbor carrying the tube 34. Secured rigidly to the lower end of the arbor 4l is an arm or linger 46, adapted to coperate with spring-catches preferably formed of a single piece of spring material secured at the center to the plate 30, said spring-catches having shoulders at their forward ends adapted to IIO engage,respectively, with the pin or arm 33 upon the arbor of the lens-tube. The for- Ward end of the vpivoted lever 45 is provided with two vnotches or recesses 47, with which is adapted to engage the bent end ot' a springcatch 48, secured at its outer end to the plate 30 and operated upon by 'the' lower end of a exterior of the casing'in position to be moved by the opera-tor. The upper end ofthe arbor 4l is provided with the recessed portion, in which is arranged a small spiral spring 5t), operating on the under side of the operatinghandle 51, secured to the arbor by the screwv 52, the outer end of said arm having an operating-knob 53 and the in wardl'y-extending projection 54, adapted to be engaged with a notched downwardly-extending 'liange formed upon the plate 55, mounted upon the top of the casing. Instead of employing the spring'O it will be understood that the arm 5l could be made of spring material, so that the outer end would be raised into engagement with the' notched plate by itsv own resiliency. The spring 50 operates to lift the outer end ofthe arm and to hold the projection engaged with the described notches, so that when the arm is moved around to either of the extreme positions shown in full and dotted lines in Fig. 8 the arbor 4l will be retained in this position, and as the arm 42, connected to the spring 43, is in the present arrangement directly beneath the operatingarm 51 the spring 43 will be placed under tension, and.V

as the lever 45 is retained by the catch 48 the shutter can only be operated when said catch is released. In order to set the shutter for operation from, for instance, -the position shown in full lines'in Fig. 8, to which it was last moved, the operator grasping the operating-arm 51 disengages said arm from the serrated catch-plate and moves it across the center, engaging it with the notches upon-the other side to the position in dotted lines in Fig. 8, this operation placing the spring 43 under tension, and the arm at the lower end of the arbor 41 lifts the retaining-latch 60 out ot' the path of the arm 46 and the arbor 41, the lever 51 being retained by the catch 54. In order to make an exposure, the operator presses upon thp pin 49, disengaging the catch from the lever 45 and allowing the spring 43 to oscillate said lever on its pivot, turning the lens-tube in the opposite direction and causing the open rear end of the tube to move across the film. As the tube moves around the pin 33 on its larbor passes beneath the spring-latch 6l, which is not engaged4 by the arm 46, and becomes engaged with theshoulder at the end thereof, preventing its reboundingandholdingsaidtube. Whenitisdesired to cause another operation of the exposingtube, this time in the opposite direction, the operating-arm at the top of the arbor 41 is moved in the other direction and engaged with the notched plate, placing the spring p under tension so as to throw the tube in the opposite direction and causing another exposure.l Thus the exposing orlens tube is moved in opposite directions alternately and is effectually prevented from rebounding. The extreme movement of the exposing-tube is checked 'by suitable buffers 62, with which i it contacts at the extremes of its movement. vertically-movable pin 49, extending to ythe Thecamera isfurther provided with a Iinder, arranged at the center ofthe upper portion and embodying lenses and 66 and a mirror 67, a movable hood or shade embodying the pivoted top plate 68, arranged over the upper lens.

The device as a whole is simple, certain in operation, and by employing a reversible shutter mechanism the operator is not required to cap the lenswhen setting the shutter, and therefore is not liable to make a double exposure. It will be noted that the casing and front board carrying the operating parts are so arranged and constructed that when the casing is removed access may be readily had to the film-chambers Yand film- 4supports to apply or remove the spools of eX- y member, of a pivoted lever connected thereto,

a spring connected to Vthe lever, a movable member connected to the opposite end of the vspring and capable of a movement to opposite sides of the pivot of the lever, a catch for holding the parts with the spring under tension, spring-latches for automatically engaging and holding the shutter member from operation, and connections between the movable member and the latches for holding one of the latter out of operative position.

2. In a photographic shutter, the combination with an oscillatory shutter member, a reversible operating-spring for throwing the shutter in opposite directions alternately, and a catch for retaining the spring under tension and when tensioned to move the shutter member in either direction, of two automaticallyengaging latches for retaining the shutter member after actuation by the motor, and means for moving one of the latches out of operative position when the operating-spring is tensioned to move the shutter member in either direction. l

3. The combination with the oscillatory apertured shutter member, the pivoted lever connected thereto, the operating-spring connected to the lever, and the reversible arbor connected to the spring, of a catchv for retaining the shutter member, latches for automatically engaging and holding the shutter member after being moved by the spring,"y and means on the arbor for holding one of the latches out of engaging position when said arbor is moved to tension the spring, and throw the shutter in either direction.

4. The combination with the arbor having IIO the pinion and the tube thereon, the pivoted level` having the rack engaging the pinion, of the reversible setting-arbor, and means for securing it, the operating-spring connected to' the setting-arbor and to the lever, the catch for engaging and holding the lever, latches adapted to automatically engage and hold the tube-arbor, and the arm on the setting-arbor for holding one of the latches out of operative position when the spring is placed under tension.

5. In an exposing device for panoramic cameras, a lens and its holder provided with a light-confining tube, means for swingingthe lens-holder in opposite directions, and a locking deviceV under the control of the lens-holder swinging means for temporarily locking the lens-holder at the limits of its swinging movement.

6. In an exposing device for panoramic cameras, a lens, and light-directing chamber pivotally mounted to swing togetherin opposite directions, means for swinging the lens and light-directing chamber to eiect an exposure during the opposite swinging movements, and means for automatically locking the lens and light-directing chamber at both ends of each swinging movement.

7. The combination with the pivoted lenstube having the lens therein, and the lever connected thereto, of the oscillatory arbor having the handle, catch devices for engaging and holding the handle, an arm on the arbor and a spring arranged between it and the tube-leverand means for holding the tube against the tension of the spring.

8.' The combination with the pivoted lenstube having the lens therein, and the lever connected thereto, of the oscillatory arbor, the yielding operating-handle thereon, the

holding-plate engaged by the latter, the two arms on the arbor, the spring connecting one arm with the tube-lever, and latch mechanism ior engaging and holding the lens-tube controlled by one arm on the arbor.

9. The combination 'of the pivoted lenstube having the pinion thereon, the oscillatory arbor, the lever journaled loosely on the arbor having the rearwardly-extending portion and the gear-segment engaging the pinion, the arm secured rigidly to the arbor, the spring connecting said arm with the rearportion of the lever, latch mechanism for holding the lens-tube after actuation in eitherdirection controlled by the movement of the arbor, means for holding the arbor, andacateh for holding and releasing the lens-tube.

lO. The combination with the pivoted oscillatory lens-tube having the lens therein, of a reversible setting-arbor, a spring connection between it and the tube, the operatinghandle on the arbor having the engaging lug, the spring between the handle and arbor, the plate having the notches with which the lug on the handle engages and means ferholding and releasing the lens-tube.

11. The combination with the pivoted oscillatory lens-tube having the lens therein, of the reversible setting-arbor having the yielding setting-arm provided with the engaging lug, a spring connection between the arbor and tube, means for holding and releasing thelens-tube, and the plate arranged beneath the .setting-arm having the notches in its under side with'which the lug on the arm is adapted to be engaged.

FRANK A. BROWNELL.

Witnesses:

G. WILLARD RICH, MAUDE A. BENTLEY. 

